1．One of the most studied antioxidants in vegetables and fruits thought to protect against cancer is \”beta-carotene\”，concentrated in deep green，yellow and orange vegetables such as carrots，sweet potatoes and spinach．
β－胡罗卜素
β－肾上腺素
β－萘酚
β－番茄红素
2．\”Lycopene\”，an antioxidant that is also found in watermelons and apricots，quenches certain cancer-triggering oxygen free radicals．
番茄红素
雌性激素
叶黄素
胡罗卜素
3．A good rule of thumb：the darker the vegetable，the more \”antioxidants\” within．
抗菌素
抗毒素
抗真菌剂
抗氧化剂
4．Garlic may also antagonize existing cancer by boosting \”immune\” functions，according to researchers at Loma Linda University School of Medicine．
恶性的
免疫的
预防的
敏感的
5．Citrus fruit may be particularly \”effective\” in reducing the risk of pancreatic cancer．
有效的
预防的
敏感的
刺激的
6．In animal studies，soybean \”constituents\” have been found to block colon，skin and other cancers by possibly slowing the growth and division of cancer cells．
组织
营养
提取物
成分
7．Eat cruciferous vegetables raw or lightly cooked．Overcooking may destroy the \”indoles\”，compounds found in these vegetables that may protect against cancer．
芥末
吲哚
叶酸
叶黄素
8．It was discovered centuries ago that preparations could be made from certain plants，such as poppies and coca，which，when taken by a human being，serve to deaden pain(are \”analgesics\”)．
镇痛剂
抑制剂
麻醉剂
镇静剂
9．From these plants chemists isolated pure substances，morphine and \”cocaine\”，which had the pain deadening property．
阿司匹林
奎宁
可卡因
洋地黄
10．The discovery of “anesthetic” was a great discovery，not only because it relieves pain，but also because it permits delicate surgical operations to be cartied out that would be impossible if the patients remained conscious．
止痛药
麻醉药
抗疟药
消炎药
11．He might be equally amazed to learn that it is to primitive peasant use of plants that medicine today owes its most important cardiac drug (“digitalis”)；some of its most important painkillers(the opium poppy)；the model for most local anaesthetics(cocaine)；the model for all antimalarials and itself the most successful (quinine)；the most widely used anti—inflammatory and painkiller(aspirin)．
阿司匹林
奎宁
可卡因
洋地黄
12．The doctor has probably had little or no experience in their direct use，and may find it genuinely hard to believe that an infusion of chamomile tea could lull an anxious patient to sleep just as effectively as a little white “pill”．
粉末
药丸
汤剂
浸膏
13．He might be amazed to learn that one quarter of \”prescribed drugs\” sold in U.S. pharmacies contain constituents derived directly from real green plants．
处方药
非处方药
中药
西药
14．He might be equally amazed to learn that it is to primitive peasant use of plants that medicine today owes its most important cardiac drug (digitalis)；some of its most important painkillers(the opium poppy)；the model for most local anaesthetics(cocaine)；the model for all antimalarials and itself the most successful (“quinine”)；the most widely used anti-inflammatory and painkiller(aspirin)．
阿司匹林
奎宁
可卡因
洋地黄
15．He might be equally amazed to learn that it is to primitive peasant use of plants that medicine today owes its most important \”cardiac drug\” (digitalis)；some of its most important painkillers(the opium poppy)；the model for most local anaesthetics(cocaine)；the model for all antimalarials and itself the most successful (quinine)；the most widely used anti-inflammatory and painkiller(aspirin)．
止痛药
强心药
抗疟药
消炎药
16．He might be equally amazed to learn that it is to primitive peasant use of plants that medicine today owes its most important cardiac drug (digitalis)；some of its most important \”painkillers\”(the opium poppy)；the model for most local anaesthetics(cocaine)；the model for all antimalarials and itself the most successful (quinine)；the most widely used anti-inflammatory and painkiller(aspirin)．
止痛药
强心药
抗疟药
消炎药
17．He might be equally amazed to learn that it is to primitive peasant use of plants that medicine today owes its most important cardiac drug (digitalis)；some of its most important painkillers(the opium poppy)；the model for most local anaesthetics(cocaine)；the model for all antimalarials and itself the most successful (quinine)；the most widely used \”anti-inflammatory\” and painkiller(aspirin)．
止痛药
强心药
抗疟药
消炎药
18．He might be equally amazed to learn that it is to primitive peasant use of plants that medicine today owes its most important cardiac drug (digitalis)；some of its most important painkillers(the opium poppy)；the model for most local anaesthetics(cocaine)；the model for all \”antimalarials\” and itself the most successful (quinine)；the most widely used anti-inflammatory and painkiller(aspirin)．
止痛药
强心药
抗疟药
消炎药
19．Quinine is the chief \”alkaloid\” of cinchona，the bark of the cinchona tree indigenous to certain regions of South America．
利血平
长春碱
长春新碱
生物碱
20．Vincaleukoblastine and Vincristine from Vinca rosea are now among the most important drugs for the treatment of \”acute\” leukemia of childhood and other neoplasms．
慢性的
急性的
恶性的
良性的
21．However，the number of natural products used in drugs is still sizable，comprising almost half of all \”prescriptions\” written．
处方
成分
填充物
提取物
22．If an impurity，whether it is in a natural or synthetic chemical，has unusually high latent \”biological activity\”，a minute quantity of it present in a chemical would produce physiological effects besides those elicited by the pure chemical itself.
生物制剂
生物转化
生物降解
生物活性
23．Inactive ingredients are substances which，based on prevalent data，do not exert physiological actions when ingested or applied to the body． Their primary function is to facilitate the ultimate \”intake\” or utilization of the active ingredients．
利用
吸收
代谢
循环
24．Inactive ingredients are substances which，based on prevalent data，do not exert physiological actions when ingested or applied to the body． Their primary function is to facilitate the ultimate intake or \”utilization\” of the active ingredients．
利用
吸收
代谢
循环
25．Pharmacokinetics deals with the \”absorption\”, distribution, biotransformation and excretion of drugs．
吸收
分布
生物转化
排泄
26．Pharmacokinetics deals with the absorption，\”distribution\”，biotransformation and excretion of drugs．
吸收
分布
生物转化
排泄
27．Pharmacokinetics deals with the absorption，distribution，\”biotransformation\” and excretion of drugs．
吸收
分布
生物转化
排泄
28．These factors，coupled with \”dosage\”，determine the concentration of a drug at its sites of action and，hence，the intensity of its effects as a function of time．
强度
剂型
剂量
浓度
29．Many drugs stimulate or depress biochemical or physiological function in man in a sufficiently reproducible manner to provide relief of \”symptoms\” or，ideally，to alter favorably the course of disease．
填充料
症状
成分
配方
30．These factors，coupled with dosage，determine the \”concentration\” of a drug at its sites of action and，hence，the intensity of its effects as a function of time．
强度
剂型
剂量
浓度
31．These factors，coupled with dosage，determine the concentration of a drug at its sites of action and，hence，the \”intensity\” of its effects as a function of time．
强度
剂型
剂量
浓度
32．For example，the actions and effects of the saluretic agents can be fully understood only in terms of the basic principles of renal physiology and of the pathogenesis of \”edema\”．
发炎
过敏
水肿
化脓
33．A few years ago，I came down with a vicious case of strep throat，feverish and in pain．I finally went to see my doctor．He prescribed \”ampicillin\”，to be taken three times a day for ten days．
美洛西林
阿莫西林
氨苄西林
盘尼西林
34．People who do what I did are contributing to an emerging public health crisis．At its core is the ability of bacteria to develop resistance to \”antibioticse\”．
抗菌剂
抗毒素
抗生素
抗酸剂
35．\”Penicillin\” drugs，which cured nearly all bacterial urinary-tract infections several decades ago，are now much less effective against them．
链霉素
青霉素
红霉素
氯霉素
36．Many routinely capitulate to patients who demand antibiotics for colds，even though colds are caused by \”viruses\” and not bacteria．
细菌
真菌
支原体
病毒
37．Faced with many penicillin-resistant infections，doctors may opt to prescribe a more powerful drug，a \”broad-spectrum antibiotic\” that mows down many kinds of bacteria-both helpful and unhelpful ones．
广谱抗生素
窄谱抗生素
抗真菌抗生素
抗肿瘤抗生素
38．According to Dr．Robert，often the more prudent course would be to take a culture of the infection and，based on the results，prescribe a \”narrow-spectrum antibiotic\”．
广谱抗生素
窄谱抗生素
抗真菌抗生素
抗肿瘤抗生素
39．As germs grow and multiply，they give off poisons called \”toxins\”．
病毒
毒素
病菌
细菌
40．Diphtheria germs growing in the throat give off a toxin that enters the \”blood\” and damages the heart，nerves and kidneys．
肾
神经
心脏
血液
41．As the phagocytes counterattack the invaders, they release a chemical that causes \”fever\”．
发烧
感染
疼痛
咳嗽
42．Fever seems to aid the body\’s defense forces，but how it does so is unknown-as is the “mechanism” by which ordinary aspirin，that common and reliable drug，reduces fever．
机制
症状
反应
原理
43．Fever seems to aid the body\’s defense forces，but how it does so is unknown-as is the mechanism by which ordinary \”aspirin\”，that common and reliable drug，reduces fever．
可卡因
洋地黄
奎宁
阿司匹林
44．There are several kinds of \”antibodies\” produced by the human body，and each combats germs in a different way．
补体
抗体
激素
抗原
45．The antibodies offer a more precise defense against infection than the \”interferon\” that blocks virus reproduction．
干扰素
抗毒素
抗生素
抗酸剂
46．Each antibody is tailored to interlock with and neutralize a specific molecule of a germ．This unique molecule，called an \”antigen\”，is frequently found on the germ`s surface．
补体
抗体
激素
抗原
47．For example，when a person is ill with diphtheria，the toxins cause the blood to produce an \”antitoxin\”．
干扰素
抗毒素
抗生素
抗酸剂
48．A number of them are permitted in such over-the-counter products as \”nasal sprays\”，lozenges，troches，creams and ointments．
鼻喷雾剂
锭剂
软膏
乳膏
49．A number of them are permitted in such over-the-counter products as nasal sprays，\”lozenges\”，troches，creams and ointments．
鼻喷雾剂
锭剂
软膏
乳膏
50．A number of them are permitted in such over-the-counter products as nasal sprays，lozenges，troches，creams and \”ointments\”．
鼻喷雾剂
锭剂
软膏
乳膏