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Vacabulary
Choose the best answer for each of the following items.
1．He is one of the growing number of Americans who in recent years have ______ dangerous sports to fill their leisure time.
taken off
taken up
taken in
taken over
2．He _____ the mountains in the Arctic with some in Europe.
contracted
contrasted
contested
contributed
3． Rosenfeld spoke of his habit as _________.
addictive
addicted
additional
adhesive
4．Kaufman describes his sports as a total isolation from anything that can ________ his own personal sense of self.
deal with
get along with
interfere with
go with
5．The nature of male animals is to ______ dangerous tasks.
undertake
underline
underlie
underestimate
6．The _____ of the sport is what attracts people to take risks.
strangeness
novelty
newness
novice
7． The city is a poor place to ______ children. There is a lot of crime there.
rise
raise
risk
rake
8．At parties, John said, he simply ______ ballooning into the conversation, and he became the center of attention.
intrigued
introduced
informed
intervened
9．Most men do dangerous sports to prove their _________.
masculine
muscle
masculinity
muscular
10． Few people ______ today are old enough to remember the great drought of 1903-17. During this period, no rain fell at all.
lively
alive
live
alike
11．Many talented artists don’t get the respect they _____. Only a few of them make a good salary.
receive
deserve
reserve
conserve
12． People who _________ risky sports usually have several things in common.
participate in
take in
look into
give in
13． _______ southwestern Chile, which is quite wet, the southwestern part of the continent doesn’t get enough rain.
Along worth
In addition to
With the exception of
As well as
14．Most courses are too easy. Many of them are really interesting, but they are not ______ enough.
fantastic
amazing
fabulous
challenging
15．______ in a dangerous sport makes me a hero.
Preparing
Participating
Pretending
Positioning
16．Dennis Joyce is a 30-year ______ of an electric company in New York.
embroidery
employee
employment
enjoyment
17．He _______ he has seen some very serious accidents.
advises
admits
considers
believes
18． Almost all of the risk-takers __________ sports like tennis and golf.
look down on
look for
look up
look over
19．Why do people willingly ______ danger?
seek out
look out
keep out
take out
20．There is less danger after dark on a busy street than on a ______ country road.
deserved
described
designed
deserted
Grammar
Choose the best answer for each of the following items.
21．_____ some excitement into his life, he spends many weekends and vocations white-water canoeing.
To put
Putting
Put
Being put
22．With the exception of southwestern Chile, _________ is quite wet, the southwestern part of the continent doesn’t get enough rain.
that
where
when
which
23．There isn’t much _____ in jogging. But on the other hand, you get just as much exercise and you can do it by yourself.
involvement
excitement
treatment
improvement
24．Although he has fallen into the river several times, Mr. Joyce _________ himself.
has never been hurt
has never hurt
has never been hurting
never hurt
25．Some people in South America _________ rain.
are used to
used to
use to
are use to
26．Auto racing must be really exciting. Some people keep ____ it even after they get injured.
do
done
doing
to do
27．– Do you ever play tennis?
– _______. I have played a few times. I’d rather _____ jogging.
Hardly ever …going
Hardly ever… go
Hardly never… go
Hardly never… going
28．The two of them often go scuba diving together. Fortunately, ________ of them has been injured.
Two
Both
Neither
All
29．Scuba diving is dangerous. You could get _______ by sharks.
attacking
attack
attacked
to attack
30．Eric D. Rosenfeld, a 43-year-old Manhattan lawyer who ________ mountains for 20 years, spoke of his sport as addictive.
has climbed
has been climbing
has been climbed
climbed
Dialogue
Choose the best answer for each of the following items.
31．– We hear you got a new hobby.
– __________________________.
How is it going?
I have taken up scuba diving.
There must be a lot of fun.
32．– Are you saying the job is boring?
– ______________________________.
Compared to scuba diving, it is.
Maybe we should have a try.
You think I am nuts?
33．– I was just reading about scuba diving in some magazine. Two or three percent of divers get attacked by sharks.
– ___________________________________.
Really? I’ve never been into any cinema recently.
You can’t believe half of what you read in magazine.
Oh, really? How much is the magazine these days?
34．– Many people dive, and most of them never have any trouble.
– ____________________________.
Did you know that fewer people get hurt scuba diving?
You could get hurt while you are running.
Maybe not, but I still think it is dangerous.
35．– ________________________________________.
– Isn’t it kind of dangerous? You could get attacked by a shark.
I am thinking of taking up scuba diving. It is exciting.
A lot more people get hurt walking down the street.
A lot of people think rock climbing is exciting.
Reading
Read the following passages and choose the best answer for each of the following questions.
Passage 3
Thirty-two people watched kitty Genovese being killed right beneath their windows. She was their neighbor. Yet none of the 32 helped her. Not one even called the police. Was this in gunman cruelty? Was it lack of feeling about one’s fellow man?
“Not so,” say scientists John Barley and Bib Fatane. These men went beyond the headlines to probe the reasons why people didn’t act. They found that a person has to go through two steps before he can help. First he has to notice that is an emergency.
Suppose you see a middle-aged man fall to the side-walk. Is he having a heart attack? Is he in a coma (昏迷) from diabetes(糖尿病)? Or is he about to sleep off a drunk?
Is the smoke coming into the room from a leak in the air conditioning? Is it “steam pipes”? Or is it really smoke from a fire? It’s not always easy to tell if you are faced with a real emergency.
Second, and more important, the person faced with an emergency must feel personally responsible. He must feel that he must help, or the person won’t get the help he needs.
The researchers found that a lot depends on how many people are around. They had college students in to be “tested.” Some came alone. Some came with one or two others. And some came in large groups. The receptionist started them off on the “tests.” Then she went into the next room. A curtain divided the “testing room” and the room into which she went. Soon the students heard a scream, the noise of file cabinets falling and a cry for help. All of this had been pre-recorded on a tape-recorder.
Eight out of ten of the students taking the test alone acted to help. Of the students in pairs, only two out of ten helped. Of the students in groups, none helped.
In other words, in a group, Americans often fail to act. They feel that others will act. They, themselves, needn’t. They do not feel any direct responsibility.
Are people bothered by situations where people are in trouble? Yes, scientists found that the people were emotional, they sweated, and they had trembling hands. They felt the other person’s trouble. But they did not act. They were in a group. Their actions were shaped by the actions of those they were with.
36．The purpose of this passage is _______.
to explain why people fail to act in emergencies
to explain when people will act in emergencies
to explain what people will do in emergencies
to explain how people feel in emergencies
37．Which of the following is NOT true? ______
When a person tries to help others, he must be clear that there is a real emergency.
When a person tries to help others, he should know whether they are worth his help.
A person must take the full responsibility for the safety of those in emergencies if he wants to help.
A person with a heart attack needs the most.
38．The researchers have conducted an experiment to prove that people will act in emergencies when _______.
they are in pairs
they are in groups
they are alone
they are with their friends
39．The main reason why people fail to act when they stay together is that _______.
they are afraid of emergencies
they are reluctant to get themselves involved
others will act if they themselves hesitate
they do not have any direct responsibility for those who need help
40．The author suggests that_______.
we shouldn’t blame a person if he fails to act in emergencies
a person must feel guilty if he fails to help
people should be responsible for themselves in emergencies
when you are in trouble, people will help you anyway
